Displacement joint

ABSTRACT

A displacement joint includes an outer joint part having circumferentially spaced recesses to form tracks. A tripod is mounted in fixed rotative engagement to a driveshaft and includes a tripod spider which has spherical arms spaced circumferentially in symmetric disposition for engaging the recesses. Roller bearing assemblies are fitted in the outer joint part to support the tripod arms, with each tripod arm guided by two roller bearing assemblies. Each roller bearing assembly has a bearing shell, which receives the tripod arm, rolling members fitted with clearance in a cage and disposed between the track of the outer joint part and a contact surface of the bearing shell. The cage is guided by shoulders of the outer joint part, which laterally bound the track, wherein the cage has opposite collars in parallel relationship to the shoulders for providing an axial stop for the rolling members and the bearing shell.

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a division of prior filed copending U.S. applicationSer. No. 10/452,841, filed Jun. 2, 2003, which is a continuation of PCTInternational application no. PCT/EP01/13908, filed Nov. 28, 2001, whichdesignated the United States and on which priority is claimed under 35U.S.C. §120, and which claims the priority of German PatentApplications, Serial Nos. 100 59 999.0, filed Dec. 2, 2000, 100 60001.8, filed Dec. 2, 2000, and 100 59 962.1, filed Dec. 2, 2000,pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 119(a)–(d).

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates, in general, to a constant velocityuniversal joint of the tripod type for installation in driveshafts ofmotor vehicles, and especially to a displacement joint for use in aconstant velocity universal joint. More particularly, the presentinvention is directed to a configuration of roller bearing assembliesused in constant velocity universal joints.

Typically, a constant-velocity universal joint of a tripod type isarranged in an outer joint part, normally bell-shaped, and includes atripod mounted in fixed rotative engagement to a driveshaft and having atripod spider provided with symmetrically distributed spherical tripodarms. Each tripod arm is supported on roller bearing assemblies forslideably guiding the joint in recesses of the outer joint part. Eachroller bearing assembly includes a bearing shell which is supported bythe spherical arm of the tripod spider. In constant velocity universaljoints of this type, the components within the joint for executing theangular and translational motions of the joint are separated fromanother. At a transitional movement, as encountered during operation ofthe driveshaft at a diffraction angle, the sliding friction is replacedby a combined sliding and rolling friction or rolling friction. At thesame time, the axial force required for implementing a shift of thejoint decreases.

German Pat. No. DE 34 40 105 C2 describes a constant velocity universaljoint having a roller bearing assembly including a bearing shell whichis supported on the spherical arm of the tripod spider via a ballsocket. The rolling members are configured as needles and disposedbetween the bearing shell and a track provided in the outer joint part.Contacting rolling members are placed in a cage which has collars ofhalf-round configuration along the longitudinal sides, whereby terminalconical projections of the rolling members engage in the collars. Apositioning device in the form of a H-shaped needle spring is arrangedin parallel relationship to the plane of the rolling members anddisposed between the bearing shell and a terminal end of the rollingmember cage for acting upon the cage and thus for centering the rollingmembers in relation to the bearing shell. The positioning device isprovided to support the bearing shell independently from the diffractionangle of the driveshaft over the entire width of the rolling members soas to establish a substantially constant load or surface pressurebetween these components.

This conventional constant velocity universal joint has manyshortcomings. The respective conical end surfaces of the rolling memberscause increased manufacturing costs and their installation iscomplicated. Moreover, the neighboring, contacting rolling members,configured as needles, in the cage cause increased friction as a resultof the fully needled arrangement, accompanied by an increased axialforce which also adversely affects the noise development.

It would therefore be desirable and advantageous to provide an improveddisplacement joint for a constant velocity universal joint, whichobviates prior art shortcomings and which is so configured as to realizean optimum support of the bearing shell on rolling members while stillbeing easy to install and allowing the use of conventional rollingmembers.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to one aspect of the present invention, a displacement joint,in particular for a constant velocity universal joint, includes an outerjoint part having circumferentially spaced recesses to form tracks, atripod mounted in fixed rotative engagement to a driveshaft andincluding a tripod spider which has spherical tripod arms spacedcircumferentially in symmetric disposition for engagement in therecesses, and roller bearing assemblies fitted in the outer joint partfor support of the tripod arms, with each tripod arm being guided by twoof the roller bearing assemblies, each of which having a bearing shell,which receives the tripod arm, rolling members, which are fitted withclearance in a cage and disposed between the track of the outer jointpart and a contact surface of the bearing shell, wherein the cage isguided by shoulders of the outer joint part, which laterally bound thetrack, wherein the cage has opposite collars in parallel relationship tothe shoulders for providing an axial stop for the rolling members andthe bearing shell, and a positioning device provided between the bearingshell and the cage for centering the rolling members in relation to thebearing shell.

The present invention resolves prior art problems by configuring each ofthe two roller bearing assemblies, assigned to a tripod arm, with abearing shell which is guided upon the arm of the tripod spider but isnot fixed in place. The rolling members of the roller bearing assemblyare hereby captivated in the cage with clearance, whereby the cage isguided by the wall surfaces of the recesses in the outer joint part. Thecage assumes a further function relating to a lateral guidance for thebearing shell. Thus, the movement of the bearing shell is limitedexclusively to a longitudinal motion in the direction of the recesses.Compared to a tripod roller unit, the displacement joint according tothe invention has a smaller transfer play, i.e. shocks caused by achange of load from traction to thrust or vice versa, are precluded.Moreover, the displacement joint according to the invention exhibits areduced noise vibration hardness (NVH) and improved agility.

At a diffraction angle of the driveshaft, the arm of the tripod spidershifts within the bearing shell, i.e. in the direction of a longitudinalaxis of the rolling members. This movement of the tripod arm may occurin synchronism to a displacement of the roller bearing assemblies in therecesses of the outer joint part. The inventive and novel configurationof the roller bearing assembly ensures a desired unchanged supportacross a large area of the entire bearing shell on the rolling members.This has a positive effect on the friction behavior as well as on thenoise development.

The provision of the positioning device to center the rolling members inrelation to the bearing shell provides an automatic alignment of theroller bearing assembly in the operative position, i.e. even when thedriveshaft rotates, so that the bearing shell can be sufficientlysupported at all times on the rolling members and an impact of thebearing shell with its end upon the cage is prevented.

According to another feature of the present invention, the cage, therolling members, the bearing shell and the positioning device of theroller bearing assembly may be combined and captivated to form a unitarystructure, whereby the rolling members are held with clearance and thebearing shell is laterally guided. Moreover, the pre-assembled structureincludes also the positioning device. The bearing shell may have asubstantially half-round configuration with a receptacle configured tocomplement a contour of the tripod arm and extending transversely at aright angle to the longitudinal axis, for allowing a movement of thetripod arm relative to the bearing shell along the receptacle. Thereceptacle has a radius which is conformed to the outer sphericalsurface area of the tripod arm connected to the tripod spider and thuscorresponds to the radius of the arm. In contrast to conventionaldisplacement joints, the bearing shell in accordance with the presentinvention is not supported in form-fitting manner on the tripod arm buta relative movement of the arm is possible in relation to the bearingshell along the receptacle.

In order to reduce manufacturing costs, the cage may be configured as asheet metal element and made without material removal, especiallythrough a deep-drawing process. The cage has hereby a substantiallyU-shaped configuration with parallel collars for guiding the bearingshell and the rolling members in different levels. The cage is providedwith pockets between the collars for receiving the rolling members, withneighboring pockets being separated from one another by webs. The websare spaced from one another at a distance which is smaller than adiameter of the rolling members to ensure a slight overlappingdisposition of the webs with respect to the rolling members. In thisway, the rolling members can be installed as a result of the inherentelasticity of the cage and captivated therein.

According to another feature of the present invention, the webs of thecage may be formed in a central area with a recessed zone toward thebearing shell, with the recessed zone extending beyond a midsection ofthe rolling members and configured so as to establish between the websan axial distance which is smaller than a diameter of the rollingmembers. In this way, the rolling members are securely fixed in thecage.

According to another feature of the present invention, the cage hasopposite ends, whereby each end may be provided with a longitudinal stoparranged at a right angle to the collars. These longitudinal stops forman end stop for the bearing shell and for arrangement and securement ofthe positioning device.

According to another feature of the present invention, the contactsurface of the bearing shell may be planar and have a rectangular orsquare configuration, whereby the bearing shell tapers from the contactsurface in the direction of the tripod arm on all sides and is supportedwith a half-round receptacle on the side distal to the contact surfaceby the spherical arm of the tripod spider. The bearing shell inaccordance with the present invention simplifies the assembly of thedisplacement joint upon the tripod arm.

According to another feature of the present invention, the positioningdevice may have a single-part or multi-part spring member forforce-fitting and/or form-fitting engagement between the cage and thebearing shell. In this way, the spring member acts in both adjustmentdirections of the roller bearing assembly between the bearing shell andthe cage. Support of the spring member may involve the use of thelongitudinal stops of the cage, regardless whether the spring member isof single-piece configuration or includes two springs. When asingle-piece spring member is involved, a central zone of the springmember may be configured to engage in a continuous groove of the bearingshell and thus is held in a form-fitting manner. Suitably, the springmember may be guided at least on one collar of the cage to optimize theguidance.

Further embodiments of the positioning device may include aconfiguration as compression springs or tension springs. Hereby, thespring member may be constructed in horizontal parallel relationship tothe rolling members and laterally guided on at least one of the collarsextending in longitudinal direction, in order to optimize the assemblyposition, i.e. to realize a secure, clearance-free installation withoutcausing undesired noise generation.

According to another feature of the present invention, the bearing shellmay be configured as an extrusion part. Such a bearing shell complieswith all demands relating to strength and can be manufactured in aninexpensive way on a large scale while still maintaining positional andmanufacturing tolerances.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a displacementjoint, in particular for a constant velocity universal joint, includesan outer joint part having circumferentially spaced recesses to formtracks, a tripod mounted in fixed rotative engagement to a driveshaftand including a tripod spider which has spherical tripod arms spacedcircumferentially in symmetric disposition for engagement in therecesses, and roller bearing assemblies fitted in the outer joint partfor support of the arms, with each tripod arm being guided by two rollerbearing assemblies in parallel tracks, each of the roller bearingassemblies having a bearing shell, which receives the tripod arm, acap-shaped receptacle for the tripod arm, rolling members disposedbetween the track of the outer joint part and an outer side of thebearing shell, a cage having a trough-shaped configuration and madethrough a process without material removal for the rolling members andthe bearing shell, and a positioning device for the bearing shell.

The bearing shell is hereby guided on the longitudinal walls of the cagewith clearance, while the transverse walls of the trough-shaped cageform the positioning device which ensures a forced engagement of the armon the bearing shell, even when the displacement joint is not exposed toa load, and prevents a loose bearing shell arrangement that could causenoise. In addition, the positioning device ensures an effectivecaptivation of the bearing shell.

The cap-shaped receptacle in the bearing shell for the arm of the tripodspider realizes a form-fitting attachment of the roller bearing assemblyand thus of the displacement joint upon the tripod spider. Thisattachment results continuously in a central force introduction into thebearing shell and ultimately into the rolling members so as to preventthe undesired edging. Thus, the service life of the roller bearingassembly is extended.

According to another feature of the present invention, the arm of thetripod spider is supported via a circular ring shaped contact surface inthe bearing shell. This configuration enhances the force introductionand prevents excess strain on the interacting components. The circularring shaped contact surface also positively affects the support height,when the bearing shell and thus the roller bearing assembly moves as aconsequence of a changing number of supporting rolling members anddeformation impacts of the rolling members entering the load zone. Aperiodically changing support height adversely affects the true runningof the tripod spider and thus the oscillation behavior of thedriveshaft, which influences wear of the joint and noise generation. Byconfiguring the contact surface between the arm and the bearing shell ina circular ring shaped manner, this drawback is eliminated so that thetrue running is improved and the noise behavior is optimized.

According to another feature of the present invention, each of theroller bearing assemblies is guided in the track of the outer jointpart, with the track being bounded in axial direction on an outer sideby a shoulder and configured, without steps, on an inner side in adirection toward a center of the tripod spider. In this way, anunhindered free displacement of the roller bearing assembly is promotedin accordance with the adjustment movement of the tripod arm.

Suitably, the rolling members, the cage, the bearing shell and thepositioning device are combined to form a unitary structure.

According to another feature of the present invention, the bearing shellmay be supported by the rolling members via a rectangular or squareplanar contact surface and tapers from the contact surface on all sidesfor formation of a truncated cone or truncated pyramid having acap-shaped receptacle for the arm at a location distal to the contactsurface.

According to another feature of the present invention, the rollingmembers may be placed in axial spaced-apart relationship in the cage,whereby the cage may be made through a deep-drawing process or othernon-cutting process for allowing a manufacture of cages on a largescale. The cage may have pockets, separated by webs, for receiving therolling members. Suitably, the pockets may be formed through punchingand are laterally bounded by the webs. An establishing axial distancebetween the webs on the cage side facing the outer joint part results inan overlap of the rolling members, i.e. the axial distance between thewebs is smaller than the diameter of the rolling members. In this way,the rolling members are captivated in the cage. In order to increase thecarrying number of the roller bearing assembly, a fully rolling rollerbearing assembly can be used in which the rolling members are arrangedin immediate neighboring relationship so that the number of rollingmembers to be received in the cage can be increased.

According to another feature of the present invention, the webs of thecage may bee formed in a central area with a recessed zone toward thebearing shell, whereby the recessed zone extends beyond a midsection ofthe rolling members and is configured so as to establish between thewebs an axial distance which is smaller than the diameter of the rollingmembers. In this way, the rolling members are effectively captivatedalso in the direction of the bearing shell and the guided in the cage.

As an alternative or in addition to the provision of the recessed zone,the cage bottom may have at least one embossment or fold extending overan entire length of the cage to thereby interconnect the transversewalls of the cage. The embossment or fold may be provided twice, i.e.disposed in the cage bottom in parallel relationship. The embossment maybe arranged in both directions, i.e. inwards as well as outwards towardthe cage bottom, and exhibits also a stiffening effect of thetrough-shaped cage. The embossment or fold is also provided with pocketsfor receiving the rolling members and has an opening measure which issmaller than the respective diameter of the rolling members. Thisensures a captivation of the rolling members even when the cage isprovided with an embossment.

According to another feature of the present invention, the positioningdevice may have a spring member in immediate connection with the rollerbearing assembly, with the spring member arranged in forced engagementwith an end surface of the bearing shell. Regardless of the direction ofthe adjusting movement of the bearing shell, the spring member forcesthe bearing shell to assume a central disposition. The spring member maybe realized by providing the transverse wall of the cage in single-piececonfiguration with the spring legs which enable double-stepped support.The spring member applies initially a small force, when slightly shiftedoff-center. The force increases as soon as the bearing shell shifts inthe direction of the transverse wall. Suitably, the transverse wall ofthe cage may be configured with two spring legs of different lengthwhich are angled differently from one another in the direction of thebearing shell. The free end of the longer spring leg is hereby supporteddirectly on the end surface of the bearing shell. The action of theother spring leg becomes effective only when the bearing shell exceeds acertain adjusting path so that both spring legs contact one another.

The spring member may also be implemented by providing the transversewall of the cage with a multiply angled and/or wound spring leg having arounded end portion for support against the end surface of the bearingshell. As the bearing shell undergoes an adjusting movement in thedirection of the transverse wall, the spring member is shifted at thesame time in the direction of a rigid stop of the cage wall. As soon asthe spring end bears upon the edge or stop of the transverse wall, theforce impact is increased.

The spring member may also be realized by a single-piece torsion springwhich is secured to the bearing shell in a force-fitting and/orform-fitting manner and has spring ends for support against thetransverse wall of the cage. Such a torsion spring has improved fatiguestrength so as to extend the service life of the spring member.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be morereadily apparent upon reading the following description of currentlypreferred exemplified embodiments of the invention with reference to theaccompanying drawing, in which:

FIG. 1 is a fragmentary, partly sectional view of a first embodiment ofa displacement joint according to the present invention in installedstate;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a roller bearing assembly of thedisplacement joint;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the roller bearing assembly;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the roller bearing assembly;

FIG. 5 is an illustration of the roller bearing assembly in thedirection of the rolling members;

FIG. 5 a is a partly sectional view of the roller bearing assembly ofFIG. 5, taken along the line Va—Va in FIG. 5;.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the roller bearing assembly of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the roller bearing assembly of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a fragmentary, partly sectional view of a second embodiment ofa displacement joint according to the present invention in installedstate;

FIG. 8 a is a fragmentary, partly sectional view of a modification ofthe displacement joint of FIG. 8;

FIG. 8 b is a fragmentary, partly sectional view of another modificationof the displacement joint of FIG. 8;

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a roller bearing assembly of the displacementjoint of FIG. 8, with trough-shaped cage;

FIG. 10 is a detailed view, on an enlarged scale, of the trough-shapedcage with modified spring member;

FIG. 11 is a detailed view, on an enlarged scale, of the trough-shapedcage with a spring member having a multiply wound spring leg;

FIG. 12 is a detailed view of another variation of a spring member inthe form of a single-piece torsion spring for securement to a bearingshell; and

FIG. 13 is a side view of the torsion spring.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Throughout all the Figures, same or corresponding elements are generallyindicated by same reference numerals. These depicted embodiments are tobe understood as illustrative of the invention and not as limiting inany way. It should also be understood that the drawings are notnecessarily to scale and that the embodiments are sometimes illustratedby graphic symbols, phantom lines, diagrammatic representations andfragmentary views. In certain instances, details which are not necessaryfor an understanding of the present invention or which render otherdetails difficult to perceive may have been omitted.

Turning now to the drawing, and in particular to FIG. 1, there is showna fragmentary, partly sectional view of a first embodiment of adisplacement joint according to the present invention, generallydesignated by reference numeral 20, for installation in a constantvelocity universal joint, generally designated by reference numeral 1and including an outer joint part 2. Accommodated in the outer jointpart 2 is a tripod which is connected in fixed rotative engagement witha driveshaft. The tripod includes a tripod spider 3 which has threeradial tripod arms 4 circumferentially distributed at equal angulardistances. Each tripod arm 4 has a spherical convex outer contour forsupport of two opposite bearing shells 5 of respective roller bearingassemblies, generally designated by reference numeral 19. Each bearingshell 5 has a half-round receptacle 6 to conform to the outer contour ofthe tripod arm 4 and is supported on the outside, i.e. on the sidedistal to the tripod arm 4, via a contact surface 7 on rolling members 8which are guided in a track 9 of the outer joint part 2. The receptacle6 is configured to complement a contour of the tripod arm 4 and extendstransversely at a right angle to the longitudinal axis 24. as shown inFIG. 1, for allowing a movement of the tripod arm 4 relative to thebearing shell 5 along the receptacle 6. The rolling members 8, arrangedin axial spaced-apart relationship, are received in a substantiallyU-shaped cage 10 which includes lateral collars 11, 12 extending inlongitudinal direction for providing a lateral guidance of the rollingmembers 8 as well as of the bearing shell 5. The collars 11, 12 areguided on shoulders 13, 14 of the outer joint part 2 to laterallydemarcate the track 9.

The cage 10 has opposite end surfaces provided with a longitudinal stop15 to form an end stop for the bearing shell 5 and to provide asecurement of a spring end 17 of a spring member 16 which may beconfigured as a compression spring or a tension spring. The springmember 16 is further supported or secured on the bearing shell 5 andassumes the function of a positioning device, generally designated byreference numeral 18, for effecting an automatic tracking of the rollingmembers 8 in relation to the bearing shell 5 as soon as the tripod arm 4moves in longitudinal direction in the outer joint part 2. Rollingmembers 8, cage 10, bearing shell 5 as well as positioning device 18form together a roller bearing assembly 19. Suitably, these componentsof the roller bearing assembly 19 are combined to a unitary structure inwhich the components are captivated, for example through appropriateshaping of the cage 10 and/or the spring member 16. The roller bearingassembly 19 in combination with the tripod arm 4 defines thedisplacement joint, generally designated by reference numeral 20.

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the roller bearing assembly 19. Ascan be seen in FIG. 2, the cage 10 has a bottom 21 formed with pockets34 for receiving the rolling members 8. In order to realize an axialspaced-apart disposition of the rolling members 8, the pockets 34 areseparated from one another by webs 22. The axial distance “s” betweenthe webs 22 is hereby slightly smaller than the diameter d of theneedle-like rolling members 8, as shown in particular in FIG. 5 a, so asto captivate the rolling members 8 in the cage 10. As further shown inFIG. 5 a, the rolling members 8 are fitted with clearance in the cagebetween the webs 22. The elastic property of the webs 22 enables aninstallation of the rolling members 8 in the pockets 34. Each web 22 isformed in midsection with a recessed area 23 which faces away from thecage bottom 21 and extends beyond the middle of the rolling members 8.In the recessed area 23, the webs 22 are spaced from one another by anaxial distance “a” which is also smaller than the diameter of therolling members 8 to effect a secure fixation of the rolling members 8.The bearing shell, which is movable relative to the cage 10 and therolling members 8, as indicated by the double arrow, is guided on theside by the collars 11, 12. The bearing shell 5 is maintained in acentral position by the positioning device 18, configured as springmember 16 between the longitudinal stop 15 and the bearing shell 5, withthe spring member 16 interacting with the further longitudinal stop 15,not shown in FIG. 2.

FIGS. 3 to 7 show various views and embodiments of a roller bearingassembly 19, whereby parts corresponding with those in FIG. 1 aregenerally denoted by identical reference numerals and not explainedagain.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show a roller bearing assembly 19 with a single-piecespring member 16 which embraces the bearing shell 5 on three sides andis guided transversely to a longitudinal axis in longitudinal grooves25, 26 of the bearing shell 5. The spring member 16 has U-shaped springends 17 which are secured in force-fitting manner upon the longitudinalstops 15 of the cage 10.

FIGS. 5 to 7 show a roller bearing assembly 190 with a positioningdevice 27 having two separate spring members 28, 29 which arerespectively disposed between the longitudinal stop 15 of the cage 10and the bearing shell 5 and are made of spring wire. A clearance-freearrangement of the spring members 28, 29 is realized by guiding thespring members 28, 29 with a leg 32, 33 in the longitudinal grooves 25,26 of the bearing shell 5. The spring members 28, 29 are guidedlaterally by providing the collar 11 of the cage 10 locally withradially pointing stops 30, 31 which prevent a shift of the springmembers 28, 29 beyond the outer contour of the cage 10 and collar 11.

FIG. 8 shows a fragmentary, partly sectional view of a second embodimentof a displacement joint according to the present invention for aconstant velocity universal joint, generally designated by referencenumeral 101 and including an outer joint part 102 for accommodation of atripod which is mounted in fixed rotative engagement with a driveshaft.In the following description, parts corresponding with those in FIG. 1will be identified, as far as appropriate, by corresponding referencenumerals each increased by “100”. The tripod has a tripod spider 103with three tripod arms 104 arranged in symmetric disposition. Thespherical, convex outer contour of the tripod arm 104 engagesform-fittingly in a receptacle 106 of the bearing shell 105 via acontact surface 130. As clearly shown in FIG. 8, the concavely designedreceptacle 106 is not shaped complementarily to the convex outer contourof the tripod arm 104 but has an ogival configuration so as to establisha ring-shaped contact zone between the tripod arm 104 and the receptacle106 of the bearing shell 105. This line contacting, ring-shaped forcetransmission between the tripod arm 104 and the bearing shell 105 isdesired and has a positive effect during a movement of the rollerbearing assembly 113.

Conventional displacement joints experience shortcomings because analternation as a consequence of the number of load-bearing rollingmembers of the roller bearing assembly causes deformation shocks of therolling members entering the load zone. The hereby encountered periodicchange in the support height adversely affects the true running for thetripod spider and the oscillation behavior of the connected driveshaft,thereby increasing wear of the driveshaft and at the same timeincreasing the noise generation. The ring-shaped support of the tripodarm 104 on the bearing shell 105 in accordance with the presentinvention now eliminates this problem and improves the true running ofthe constant velocity universal joint 101 and reduces noise.

The bearing shell 105 is supported on the outside via the contactsurface 107 by the rolling members 108 which are guided in a track 109of the outer joint part 102. The track 109 is bounded on the outside bya wall or shoulder 111 and is configured on the inside without step inthe direction of the tripod spider 103. Thus, the roller bearingassembly 113 is able to follow all adjustment motions of the tripodspider 103. The roller bearing assembly 113 includes a cage 112 foraccommodating the rolling members 108 and the bearing shell 105 which isguided along the longitudinal walls 115 of the cage 112. Each tripod arm104 is supported by two roller bearing assemblies 113, with the rollerbearing assembly 113 defining with the tripod arm 104 a displacementjoint, generally designated by reference numeral 114 and linearlymoveable on the track 109 with little noise and little friction. Theroller bearing assembly 113 thus enables an unobstructed drive,regardless of the diffraction angle of the driveshaft or an adjustingrange of the tripod spider 103.

The cage 112 has a trough-shaped configuration and includes a cagebottom 116 which is formed with pockets 117 for receiving the rollingmembers 108. The cage 112 can be made through a process without materialremoval, e.g. a deep-drawing process. The pockets 117 are respectivelyseparated by webs 118 and are formed in midsection of the cage bottom116 with a recessed area 119 which extends in the direction of thebearing shell 105 beyond the middle of the rolling members 108. The webs118 are spaced from one another in the recessed area 119 at an axialdistance which, as shown in FIG. 9, is smaller than the diameter measureof the rolling members 108 to thereby secure the rolling members 108 inposition.

As shown in FIG. 8 a, the bearing shell 105 is supported by the rollingmembers 1–8 via a rectangular or square contact surface 130 and tapersfrom the contact surface 130 on all sides for formation of a truncatedcone or truncated pyramid having a cap-shaped receptacle 106 for thetripod arm at a location distal to the contact surface 130.

As shown in FIG. 9, the bearing shell 105 is moveable in a direction asindicated by the double arrow, and guided with clearance at thelongitudinal walls 115 of the cage 112. To center the bearing shell 105,the roller bearing assembly 113 is provided with a positioning device122 on both sides of the bearing shell 105. The positioning device 122includes a spring member 110 a which has spring legs 123, 124 and is inforced engagement with an end surface of the bearing shell to effect atleast one two-stage force-fitting support of the bearing shell 105,regardless of a direction of movement of the bearing shell 105. Thespring legs 123, 124 are connected in one piece with a transverse wall120 of the cage 112 and are inwardly slantingly inclined in a samemanner in the direction of the bearing shell 105. The longer spring leg124 is supported in force-fitting manner on the end surface 125 of thebearing shell 105. As the bearing shell 105 moves in the direction ofthe transverse wall 120, the spring leg 124 exclusively appliesinitially a counterforce upon the bearing shell 105. As soon as thespring leg 124 contacts the spring leg 123, the force applied by thepositioning device 122 and counteracting the movement of the bearingshell 105 is increased. The cage bottom 116 has at least one embossment121 extending over an entire length of the cage and provided withpockets 117 for the rolling members 108. A specific example is shown inFIG. 8 b, in which the cage bottom 116 has two embossments 121 inparallel relationship.

FIGS. 10 to 13 show further variations of the positioning device 122. InFIG. 10, the transverse wall 120 of the cage 112 is provided with aspring member 110 b having a multiply wound spring leg 127 which has arounded end zone for support on the end surface 125 of the bearing shell105. This configuration shows a three-stage positioning device 122.Starting from a first stage, the second stage is triggered as soon as anintermediate zone 132 has shifted to the edge 126. A further forcereinforcement is implemented as soon as the free end 133 of the springmember 110 b reaches the inside of the transverse wall 120.

In FIG. 11, the positioning device 122 has a spring member 110 c havinga S-shaped spring leg 126 forming part of the longitudinal wall 115 ofthe cage 112 and including a curved portion anteriorly of the spring end133 for support on the end surface 125 of the bearing shell 105. Thespring member 110 c applies an increased counterforce upon the bearingshell as soon as the spring end 133 bears upon the inside of thetransverse wall 120.

The positioning device 122 according to FIG. 12 includes a spring member110 d in the form of a single-piece torsion spring having spring ends131 respectively fixed to the transverse walls 120 of the cage 112. Thespring member 110 d partially fitted and secured in place in atransverse groove 129 of the bearing shell 105 forms a greatlyprojecting arch, as shown in FIG. 13. This configuration positivelyaffects the load upon the spring member 110 d during adjustmentmovements of the bearing shell 105 in correspondence to a torsionspring.

While the invention has been illustrated and described in connectionwith currently preferred embodiments shown and described in detail, itis not intended to be limited to the details shown since variousmodifications and structural changes may be made without departing inany way from the spirit of the present invention. The embodiments werechosen and described in order to best explain the principles of theinvention and practical application to thereby enable a person skilledin the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments withvarious modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

What is claimed as new and desired to be protected by Letters Patent isset forth in the appended claims and their equivalents:

1. A displacement joint, in particular for a constant velocity universaljoint, comprising: an outer joint part having circumferentially spacedrecesses to form tracks; a tripod mounted in fixed rotative engagementto a driveshaft and including a tripod spider which has spherical armsspaced circumferentially in symmetric disposition for engagement in therecesses; and roller bearing assemblies fitted in the outer joint partfor support of the tripod arms, with each tripod arm being guided by twoof said roller bearing assemblies, each of which having a bearing shell,which receives the arm, rolling members, which are fitted with clearancein a cage and disposed between the track of the outer joint part and acontact surface of the bearing shell, wherein the cage is guided byshoulders of the outer joint part, which laterally bound the track,wherein the cage has opposite collars in parallel relationship to theshoulders for providing an axial stop for the rolling members and thebearing shell, and a positioning device provided between the bearingshell and the cage for centering the rolling members in relation to thebearing shell, wherein the roller bearing assemblies for each tripod armdefine a longitudinal axis, said cage being made through a processwithout material removal, wherein the collars of the cage extendparallel to the longitudinal axis on opposite sides of the rollingmembers and guide therebetween the rolling members and the bearingshell.
 2. The displacement joint of claim 1, wherein the cage, therolling members, the bearing shell and the positioning device of theroller bearing assembly are captivated to form a unitary structure. 3.The displacement joint of claim 1, wherein the roller bearing assembliesfor each tripod arm define a longitudinal axis, said bearing shellhaving a receptacle configured to complement a contour of the tripod armand extending transversely at a right angle to the longitudinal axis,for allowing a movement of the tripod arm relative to the bearing shellalong the receptacle.
 4. The displacement joint of claim 1, wherein thecage has a substantially U-shaped configuration and is provided withpockets for the rolling members, with neighboring rolling members beingseparated from one another by webs.
 5. The displacement joint of claim4, wherein the webs are spaced from one another at a distance which issmaller than a diameter of the rolling members to ensure an overlappingdisposition of the webs with respect to the rolling members.
 6. Thedisplacement joint of claim 4, wherein the webs of the cage are formedin a central area with a recessed zone toward the bearing shell, saidrecessed zone extending beyond a midsection of the rolling members andconfigured so as to establish between the webs an axial distance whichis smaller than a diameter of the rolling members.
 7. The displacementjoint of claim 1, wherein the cage has opposite ends, each end providedwith a longitudinal stop arranged at a right angle to the collars. 8.The displacement joint of claim 1, wherein the contact surface of thebearing shell has a rectangular or square configuration for support ofthe bearing shell on the rolling members, said bearing shell having acontact surface distal side formed with a receptacle of half-roundconfiguration to conform with a longitudinal axis of the rolling membersfor support upon the tripod arm.
 9. The displacement joint of claim 1,wherein the positioning device has a single-part or multi-part springmember received between the cage and the bearing shell by interferencefit.
 10. The displacement joint of claim 9, wherein the cage hasopposite cage ends, each cage end provided with a longitudinal stop,said spring member having one spring end for securement to thelongitudinal stop of one cage end and another spring end for securementto the longitudinal stop of the other cage end.
 11. The displacementjoint of claim 9, wherein the bearing shell has a longitudinal groovefor guiding the spring member.
 12. The displacement joint of claim 9,wherein the spring member is a tension spring between the bearing shelland the cage.
 13. The displacement joint of claim 9, wherein the springmember is a compression spring between the bearing shell and the cage.14. The displacement joint of claim 1, wherein the positioning devicehas a spring member guided by a stop formed in single-piececonfiguration with one of the collars of the cage.
 15. The displacementjoint of claim 1, wherein the positioning device has a single-part ormulti-part spring member received between the cage and the bearing shellby form fit.